Ethereum Mainnet for enterprise
Blockchain applications help businesses:
- Increase trust and reduce the cost of coordination between business parties
- Improve business network accountability and operational efficiency
- Build new business models and value creation opportunities
- Competitively future-proof their organization
Enterprise blockchain applications can be built on the public permissionless Ethereum Mainnet, or on private blockchains that are based on Ethereum technology. Find more information on private Enterprise Ethereum chains.
Public vs private Ethereum
There is only one public Ethereum Mainnet. Applications that are built on the Mainnet are able to interoperate, similarly to how applications built on the Internet can connect to each other, leveraging the full potential of decentralized blockchain.
Many businesses and consortia have deployed private, permissioned blockchains for specific applications based on Ethereum technology.
Key differences
- Blockchain Security/Immutability - A blockchain’s resistance to tampering is determined by its consensus algorithm. Ethereum Mainnet is secured by the interaction of thousands of independent nodes run by individuals and miners throughout the world. Private chains typically have a small number of nodes which are controlled by one or a few organizations; those nodes can be tightly controlled, but only a few must be compromised in order to rewrite the chain or commit fraudulent transactions.
- Performance - Because private Enterprise Ethereum chains may use high performance nodes with special hardware requirements and different consensus algorithms such as proof-of-authority, they may achieve higher transaction throughput on the base layer (Layer 1). On Ethereum Mainnet, high throughput can be achieved with the use of Layer 2 scaling solutions.
- Cost - The cost to operate a private chain is primarily reflected in labor to set up and manage the chain, and the servers to run it. While there is no cost to connect to Ethereum Mainnet, there is a gas cost for every transaction which must be paid for in ether. Transaction relayers (aka Gas Stations) are being developed in order to eliminate the need for end users and even enterprises to directly use ether in their transactions. Some analyses(opens in a new tab) have shown that the total cost to operate an application may be lower on Mainnet than running a private chain.
- Node Permissioning - Only authorized nodes can join private chains. Anybody can set up a node on Ethereum Mainnet.
- Privacy - Access to data written to private chains can be controlled by restricting access to the network, and on a finer grained basis with access controls and private transactions. All data written to Mainnet Layer 1 is viewable by anyone, so sensitive information should be stored and transmitted off-chain, or else encrypted. Design patterns that facilitate this are emerging (e.g. Baseline, Aztec), as well as Layer 2 solutions that can keep data compartmentalized and off of Layer 1.
Why build on Ethereum Mainnet
Enterprises have been experimenting with blockchain technology since around 2016, when the Hyperledger, Quorum, and Corda projects were launched. The focus was largely on private permissioned enterprise blockchains, but starting in 2019 there has been a shift in thinking about public vs private blockchains for business applications. A survey(opens in a new tab) conducted by Forrester revealed that “Survey respondents ... see this potential, with 75% stating that they’re likely to leverage public blockchains in the future, and nearly one-third saying they’re very likely”. EY’s Paul Brody has talked(opens in a new tab) about the benefits of building on public blockchain, which (depending on the application) may include stronger security/immutability, transparency, lower total cost of ownership, and the ability to interoperate with all of the other applications that are also on the Mainnet (network effects). Sharing a common frame of reference among businesses avoids the unnecessary creation of numerous isolated silos which cannot communicate and share or synchronize information with each other.
Another development which is shifting the focus toward public blockchains is Layer 2. Layer 2 is primarily a scalability technology category which makes high throughput applications possible on public chains. But Layer 2 solutions can also address some of the other challenges that have driven enterprise developers to choose private chains in the past(opens in a new tab).
Enterprise developer resources
Organizations
Some collaborative efforts to make Ethereum enterprise friendly have been made by different organizations:
- Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA)(opens in a new tab) The EEA enables organizations to adopt and use Ethereum technology in their daily business operations. It empowers the Ethereum ecosystem to develop new business opportunities, drive industry adoption, and learn and collaborate with one another. The EEA’s Mainnet working group is a focal point for representatives from businesses who are interested in building on the public Ethereum Mainnet, as well as members of the Ethereum community who would like to support them.
- Ethereum OASIS Open Project(opens in a new tab) The Ethereum OASIS Open Project is an OASIS Open Project that exists to provide a neutral forum for diverse stakeholders to create high-quality specifications that facilitate Ethereum’s longevity, interoperability, and ease of integration. The project intends to develop clear, open standards, high-quality documentation, and shared test suites that facilitate new features and enhancements to the Ethereum protocol.
- Baseline Project(opens in a new tab) The Baseline Protocol is an open source initiative that combines advances in cryptography, messaging, and blockchain to deliver secure and private business processes at low cost via the public Ethereum Mainnet. The protocol enables confidential and complex collaboration between enterprises without leaving any sensitive data on-chain. The Baseline project is a sub-project of the Ethereum OASIS Open Project, and is coordinated by the Baseline Technical Steering Committee.
Products and services
- Alchemy(opens in a new tab) provides API services and tools for building and monitoring applications on Ethereum
- Blast(opens in a new tab) an API platform that provides RPC/WSS APIs for Ethereum Archive Mainnet and Testnets.
- Blockapps(opens in a new tab) implementation of the Enterprise Ethereum protocol, tooling and APIs that form the STRATO platform
- Chainstack(opens in a new tab) mainnet and testnet Ethereum infrastructure hosted in public & isolated customer clouds
- ConsenSys(opens in a new tab) provides a range of products and tools for building on Ethereum, as well as consulting and custom development services
- Envision Blockchain(opens in a new tab) provides enterprise focused consulting and development services specializing in Ethereum Mainnet
- EY OpsChain(opens in a new tab) provides a procurement workflow by issuing RFQ’s, contracts, purchase orders, and invoices across your network of trusted business partners
- Hyperledger Besu(opens in a new tab) an enterprise focused open-source Ethereum client developed under the Apache 2.0 license and written in Java
- Infura(opens in a new tab) scalable API access to the Ethereum and IPFS networks
- Kaleido(opens in a new tab) an enterprise-focused development platform that offers simplified blockchain and digital asset applications
- NodeReal(opens in a new tab) provides scalable blockchain infrastructure and API services provider for the Web3 ecosystem
- Provide(opens in a new tab) infrastructure and APIs for Enterprise Web3 applications
- QuickNode(opens in a new tab) provides reliable and fast nodes with high-level APIs like NFT API, Token API, etc., while delivering a unified product suite and enterprise-grade solutions
- Tenderly(opens in a new tab) a Web3 development platform that provides debugging, observability, and infrastructure building blocks for developing, testing, monitoring, and operating smart contracts
- Unibright(opens in a new tab) a team of blockchain specialists, architects, developers and consultants with 20+ years of experience in business processes and integration
- Zero Services GmbH(opens in a new tab) provider of managed services spread across co-locations in Europe and Asia. Operates & monitors your nodes securely and reliably
- Zeeve(opens in a new tab) provides a range of products and tools for building on Ethereum, also infrastructure and APIs for Enterprise Web3 applications.
Tooling and libraries
- Alethio(opens in a new tab) Ethereum Data Analytics Platform
- Sirato(opens in a new tab) a data and analytics platform for public and private Ethereum compatible networks by Web3 Labs
- Ernst & Young's ‘Nightfall'(opens in a new tab) a toolkit for private transactions
- EthSigner(opens in a new tab) a transaction signing application to be used with a web3 provider
- Tenderly(opens in a new tab) a Data Platform providing real-time analytics, alerting and monitoring with support for private networks
- Truffle Suite(opens in a new tab) blockchain development suite (Truffle, Ganache, Drizzle)
Scalability solutions
Layer 2 is a set of technologies or systems that run on top of Ethereum (Layer 1), inherit security properties from Layer 1, and provide greater transaction processing capacity (throughput), lower transaction fees (operating cost), and faster transaction confirmations than Layer 1. Layer 2 scaling solutions are secured by Layer 1, but they enable blockchain applications to handle many more users or actions or data than Layer 1 could accommodate. Many of them leverage recent advances in cryptography and zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs to maximize performance and security.
Building your application on top of a Layer 2 scalability solution can help address many of the concerns that have previously driven companies to build on private blockchains(opens in a new tab), yet retain the benefits of building on Mainnet.
Enterprise applications live on Mainnet
Here are some of the enterprise applications that have been built on top of the public Ethereum Mainnet
Payments
- Brave Browser(opens in a new tab) pays users for their attention to advertisements and users can pay publishers to support them, via the Basic Attention Token
- hCaptcha(opens in a new tab) Bot prevention CAPTCHA system which pays web site operators for the work done by users to label data for machine learning. Now deployed by Cloudflare
- EthereumAds(opens in a new tab) lets web site operators sell advertising space and get paid via Ethereum
Finance
- Santander Bank(opens in a new tab) bond issuance and settlement
- Societe Generale(opens in a new tab) bond issuance
- Cadence(opens in a new tab) bond offering and tokenization for FAT Brands
- Sila(opens in a new tab) banking and ACH payments infrastructure-as-a-service, using a stablecoin
- Taurus(opens in a new tab) issues tokenized securities
Asset tokenization
- Tinlake(opens in a new tab) receivables financing via tokenized real-world assets such as invoices, mortgages or streaming royalties
- RealT(opens in a new tab) investors around the globe can buy into the US real estate market through fully-compliant, fractional, tokenized ownership.
- AgroToken(opens in a new tab) tokenizing and trading agricultural commodities
- Fasset(opens in a new tab) a platform for supporting sustainable infrastructure
Notarization of data
- BBVA(opens in a new tab) details of finalized loans are hashed and recorded on Mainnet
- Splunk(opens in a new tab) data integrity can be ensured by periodically writing hashes of indexed data to Mainnet
- ANSA(opens in a new tab) Italy's largest news agency fights fake news and enables readers to verify the origin of news stories by recording them on Mainnet
- Verizon(opens in a new tab) logs press releases on Ethereum to ensure corporate accountability and trust
- Breitling(opens in a new tab) records provenance and repair history of watches on Ethereum
- EthSign(opens in a new tab) records signed electronic documents on the Ethereum blockchain
Supply chain
- CargoX(opens in a new tab) bill of lading and document transfer provider
- Morpheus.network(opens in a new tab) supply chain automation platform which implements a hybrid of private chains with notarized data on the Ethereum Mainnet, and is in use by companies such as Canadian food, oil & gas distributor Federated Co-op Ltd. and Argentinian pet food provider Vitalcan
- Minespider(opens in a new tab) supply chain tracking
- EY OpsChain Contract Manager(opens in a new tab) enables companies to engage in a procurement workflow by issuing RFQ’s, contracts, purchase orders, and invoices across your network of trusted business partners
- Treum(opens in a new tab) brings transparency, traceability, and tradability to supply chains, using blockchain technology
- TradeTrust(opens in a new tab) verifies electronic Bills of Lading (eBLs) for international shipping
- Birra Peroni(opens in a new tab) mints NFTs for each new batch of beer, enabling greater visibility and efficiency across its supply chain
Insurance
- Arbol(opens in a new tab) parmetric insurance to cover weather related risks
- Etherisc(opens in a new tab) decentralized insurance for a variety of risks
Credentials and certifications
- Two Italian high schools(opens in a new tab) digital diplomas issued on Ethereum Mainnet
- University of St. Gallen(opens in a new tab) pilot project to verify degrees by a Swiss university
- Hyland Credentials(opens in a new tab) digital diplomas and other education credentials, licenses, and certificates
- OpenCerts(opens in a new tab) issues blockchain education credentials in Singapore
- BlockCerts(opens in a new tab) developed an open standard for blockchain credentials
Utilities
- GridPlus(opens in a new tab) electricity payments
If you would like to add to this list, please see instructions for contributing.